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53 T. G. Leighton, “Fluid loading effects for acoustical sensors in the atmospheres of Mars, Venus, Titan and Jupiter,” JASA Express Letters 125, EL214–EL219 (2009).
54A. P. Zent, R. C. Quinn, and M. Madou, “A thermo-acoustic gas sensor array for photochemically critical species in the Martian atmosphere,” Planetary and Space Science 46, 795–803 (1998).
55“Bach on Mars,” http://theworld.org/?q=node/22451, PRI’s The World, 10 November 2008 (Last viewed 8/13/2009).
56C. Fritz, J. Wolfe, J. Kergomard. and R. Caussé, “Playing fre- quency shift due to the interaction between the vocal tract of the musician and the clarinet,” In Proceedings of the Stockholm Music Acoustics Conference (SMAC 03) Stockholm, Sweden, edited by R. Bresin, 263–266 (2003).
57N. H. Fletcher and T. D. Rossing, The Physics of Musical Iinstruments (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1991).
58R. S. Christian, R. E. Davis, A. Tubis, C. A. Anderson, R. I. Mills, and T. D. Rossing, “Effects of air loading on timpani membrane vibrations,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 76, 1336–1345 (1984).
59 STRAIGHT trial page, http://ww.wakayama-u.ac.jp/~kawahara/ STRAIGHTtrial/ (Last viewed 8/13/2009).
60H. Hollien and J. F. Brandt, “Effect of air bubbles in the external auditory meatus on underwater hearing thresholds,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 46, 384–387 (1969).
61 B. B. Bauer, “Comments on ‘Effect of Air Bubbles in the External Auditory Meatus on Underwater Hearing Thresholds’ [H.
From left to right, Rhys, Timothy, and Rhiannon Leighton (2007)
Hollien and J. F. Brandt, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 46, 384–387
(1969)],” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 47, 1465–1467 (1970).
62M. A. O. Al-Masri, “Underwater hearing thresholds and hearing mechanisms,” Ph.D. dissertation, Institute of Sound and
Vibration Research, University of Southampton, UK (1993). 63T. G. Leighton, P. R. White, and M. A. Marsden, “Applications of one-dimensional bubbles to lithotripsy, and to diver response to
low frequency sound,” Acta Acustica 3, 517–529 (1995).
64T. G. Leighton, P. R. White, and M. A. Marsden, “The one- dimensional bubble: An unusual oscillator, with applications to human bioeffects of underwater sound,” European J. Physics 16,
275–281 (1995).
65D. C. Finfer, T. G. Leighton, and P. R. White, “Issues relating to
the use of a 61.5 dB conversion factor when comparing airborne and underwater anthropogenic noise levels,” Applied Acoustics 69(5), 464–471 (2008).
66M. Al-Masri and A. Martin, “Studies on underwater hearing in man: Underwater hearing mechanisms,” in Fourth International Conference on Natural Physical Processes Associated with Sea Surface Sound edited by T. G. Leighton (Southampton, UK) pp. 265–274 (1997).
67A. Martin and M. Al-Masri, “Studies on underwater hearing in man: Hearing thresholds and noise exposure limits,” in Fourth International Conference on Natural Physical Processes Associated with Sea Surface Sound edited by T. G. Leighton (Southampton, UK) pp. 253–264 (1997).
From left to right, Luc, Andi, and Gabriela Petculescu.
Andi Petculescu is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Physics at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. His current research includes acoustic studies in granular media and sound generation and propagation in planetary atmos- pheres. One of his goals is to convince the decision makers in planetary science space missions of the importance of acoustic sensing in extraterrestrial environments. It is for this reason that Andi has organized and chaired two special sessions on Acoustic Probes of Planetary Environments, at meetings of the Acoustical Society of America in Salt Lake City (June 2007) and Paris (June-July 2008). Andi and his wife (and fellow physical acoustician) Gabriela have a two- year old son, Luc.
Tim Leighton is Professor of Ultrasonics and Underwater Acoustics at the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, UK. He obtained M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Natural Sciences (Physics) from the University of Cambridge, UK, and is a Fellow of the ASA, the Institute of Acoustics and the Institute of Physics. His research tends to cover various areas of sound in liquids (acoustical oceanogra- phy, biomedical ultrasonics, sonochemistry, etc.). However, his strong interest in physical acoustics, combined with his musi- cal performance (he has performed oboe concertos with sev- eral orchestras), and interest in collecting and playing a range of instruments (string, woodwind, and percussion), has led to the current study.
26 Acoustics Today, July 2009