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89 K. Banai, J. M. Hornickel, E. Skoe, T. Nicol, S. Zecker, and N. Kraus, “Reading and subcortical auditory function,” Cerebral Cortex 19, 2699–2707 (2009).
90 D. A. Abrams, T. Nicol, S. Zecker, and N. Kraus, “Abnormal cor- tical processing of the syllable rate of speech in poor readers,” J. Neurosci. 29, 7686–7693 (2009).
91 N. Kraus, T. J. McGee, T. D. Carrell, S. G. Zecker, T. G. Nicol, and D. B. Koch, “Auditory neurophysiologic responses and discrimi- nation deficits in children with learning problems,” Science 273, 971–973 (1996).
92 N. M. Russo, T. G. Nicol, B. L. Trommer, S. G. Zecker, and N. Kraus, “Brainstem transcription of speech is disrupted in chil- dren with autism spectrum disorders,” Developmental Sci. 12, 557–567 (2009).
93 N. M. Russo, S. Zecker, B. Trommer, J. Chen, and N. Kraus, “Effects of background noise on cortical encoding of speech in autism spectrum disorders,” J. Autism and Developmental Disorders 39, 1185–1196 (2009).
94 N. M. Russo, E. Skoe, B. Trommer, T. Nicol, S. Zecker, A. Bradlow, and N. Kraus, “Deficient brainstem encoding of pitch in children with autism spectrum disorders,” Clinical Neurophysiology 119, 1720–1731 (2008).
95 K. Banai, D. A. Abrams, and N. Kraus, “Speech evoked brain- stem responses and sensory-based accounts of learning disabili- ty,” Intl. J. Audiology 46, 524–532 (2007).
96 B. Wible, T. Nicol, and N. Kraus, “Correlation between brain- stem and cortical auditory processes in normal and language- impaired children,” Brain 128, 417–423 (2005).
97 C. M. Warrier, K. L. Johnson, E. A. Hayes, T. G. Nicol, and N. Kraus, “Learning impaired children exhibit timing deficits and training-related improvements in auditory cortical responses to speech in noise,” Experimental Brain Res. 157, 431–441 (2004).
98 J. Cunningham, T. Nicol, S. G. Zecker, and N. Kraus, “Neurobiologic responses to speech in noise in children with learning problems: Deficits and strategies for improvement,” Clinical Neurophysiology 112, 758–767 (2001).
99 J. Cunningham, T. Nicol, S. Zecker, and N. Kraus, “Speech- evoked neurophysiologic responses in children with learning problems: Development and behavioral correlates of percep- tion,” Ear and Hearing 21, 554–568 (2000).
100 G. E. Musacchia, M. Sams, and N. Kraus, “Musicianship affects acoustic and audiovisual brainstem encoding of speech and music,” in Language and Music as Cognitive Systems, Cambridge, UK (2007).
101 G. Musacchia, D. Strait, and N. Kraus, “Relationships between behavior, brainstem and cortical encoding of seen and heard speech in musicians and nonmusicians,” Hearing Res. 241, 34–42 (2008).
102 D. Strait, N. Kraus, A. Parbery-Clark, and R. Ashley, “Musical experience shapes top-down auditory mechanisms: Evidence from masking and auditory attention performance,” Hearing Res. 261, 22–29 (2010).
103 E. Skoe, C. Fabian, and N. Kraus, “The effects of musical train- ing on subcortical processing of a missing-fundamental piano melody,” Society for Neuroscience, Auditory Satellite (APAN), Chicago, IL (2009).
104 S. J. Aiken and T. W. Picton, “Envelope following responses to natural vowels,” Audiology & Neurotology 11, 213–232 (2006).
105 H. R. Dajani, D. Purcell, W. Wong, H. Kunov, and T. W. Picton, “Recording human evoked potentials that follow the pitch con-
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106 G. C. Galbraith, S. P. Jhaveri, and J. Kuo, “Speech-evoked brain-
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108 G. C. Galbraith, S. M. Bhuta, A. K. Choate, J. M. Kitahara, and T. A. Mullen, “Brain stem frequency-following response to dichot- ic vowels during attention,” Neuroreport 9, 1889–1893 (1998).
109 G. C. Galbraith, E. M. Amaya, J. M. D. de Rivera, N. M. Donan, M. T. Duong, J. N. Hsu, K. Tran, and L. P. Tsang, “Brain stem evoked response to forward and reversed speech in humans,” Neuroreport 15, 2057–2060 (2004).
110 I. Akhoun, S. Gallégo, A. Moulin, M. Ménard, E. Veuillet, C. Berger-Vachon, L. Collet, and H. Thai-Van, “The temporal rela- tionship between speech auditory brainstem responses and the acoustic pattern of the phoneme /ba/ in normal-hearing adults,” Clinical Neurophysiology 119, 922–933 (2008).
111 A. Krishnan, “Human frequency-following responses: represen- tation of steady-state synthetic vowels,” Hearing Res. 166, 192–201 (2002).
112 A. Krishnan, Y. S. Xu, J. T. Gandour, and P. A. Cariani, “Human frequency-following response: Representation of pitch contours in Chinese tones,” Hearing Res. 189, 1–12 (2004).
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